Search results for "polarization [Upsilon(9460)]"

showing 10 items of 915 documents

Theory of spontaneous polarization and birefringence in the tetragonal phase of KNbO3

1995

Abstract The microscopic mechanism of optical anisotropy in the tetragonal phase of KNbO3 is discussed taking account of the dipole-dipole effect due to the ionic and electronic polarizations of the crystal and the spontaneous Kerr effect. The last effect is a cause of the strong local field acting on the constituent ions. For the spontaneous polarization we use only the first effect. It is found that the birefringence and the spontaneous polarization are in good agreement with the experimental data.

Kerr effectPolarization rotatorMaterials scienceBirefringenceCondensed matter physicsPhysics::OpticsIonic bondingCondensed Matter PhysicsPolarization (waves)Electronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsTetragonal crystal systemNuclear magnetic resonancePolarizabilityLocal fieldFerroelectrics
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Measurement of high order Kerr refractive index of major air components: erratum

2010

A clarification is missing concerning the high order Kerr non-linearities deduced from our experimental data published in [Opt. Express 17, 13429-13434 (2009)]. Here, we rectify this omission by making explicit the distinction between cross-Kerr and Kerr effects, and by extrapolating the value of the nonlinear refractive index for the last effect. Since the occurrence of sign inversion in the Kerr effect is not affected, the overall report in [Opt. Express 17, 13429-13434] remains valid.

Kerr effect[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph](320.2250) Femtosecond phenomena; (350.5400) Plasmas; (190.7110) Ultrafast nonlinear optics; (260.5950) Self-focusing01 natural sciences010309 opticsOptics0103 physical sciencesZ-scan techniqueHigh order[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph]010306 general physicsfemtosecondLaser beamsplasmaPhysics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph]Molecular alignmentbusiness.industrySelf-focusingNonlinear refractive indexPolarization (waves)Atomic and Molecular Physics and Opticslaser filamentationbusinessRefractive index) Ultrafast nonlinear optics
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Imbalanced Job Polarization and Skills Mismatch in Europe

2016

Abstract This paper considers the education of the labour force based on an analysis of trends in and the relationships between job polarization and skills mismatch. Both job polarization and skills mismatch have become topics of increasing interest, but relationships between the two have been relatively neglected in the literature. We argue that the relationship between polarization and skills mismatch is an empirical matter, which we analyse at both the macroeconomic and microeconomic level in European countries. A novel job polarization index (JPI) is proposed to measure imbalanced job polarization. It takes into account not only the change in the share of medium-level jobs, as is typica…

Labour economicsFrankreichSlowenienSchweizEconometricsEconomicsEstlandÖsterreich050207 economicsBerufsstrukturNorwegenBelgienPolenKroatien05 social sciencesDänemark050301 educationReverse effectLettlandRumänienBundesrepublik DeutschlandFinancial crisisUngarnEuropaArbeitskräfteangebotSlowakeiOrganizational Behavior and Human Resource ManagementEconomics and EconometricsLitauenItalienIslandQualifikationsstruktur0502 economics and businessddc:330LuxemburgQualifikationsanforderungenNiederlandeIrlandSpanienPortugalPolarization (politics)Tschechische RepublikGriechenlandÜberqualifikationFinnlandUnterqualifikationArbeitskräftenachfrageIndustrial relationsMixed effectsNormativemismatch - internationaler Vergleich0503 educationSchwedenJournal for Labour Market Research
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Generation of Structured Light via Nano Structures and Applications

2020

The generation of structured light by means of metasurfaces is presented and the applications in the characterizations of polarization rotation and Pancharatnam-Berry phase are discussed.

Laser beams Measurement by laser beam Extraterrestrial measurements Nanostructures Orbits Phase measurement Rotation measurementMaterials scienceNanostructurebusiness.industryPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPolarization (waves)Settore ING-INF/01 - Elettronica01 natural sciences010309 opticsVIA Nano0103 physical sciencesOptoelectronics0210 nano-technologybusinessLaser beamsStructured lightConference on Lasers and Electro-Optics
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Synthesis of Nanoparticles

2012

In this chapter I describe the synthetic methods for the particles used in this work. Initially bare gold nanorods are synthesized , which are used to investigate continuously the growth of bigger nanoparticles and the protein-membrane interaction on a single particle level . To reduce the single particle linewidth and therefore to increase the sensitivity on changes in the refractive index , these rods are coated with a thin silver shell . Another method to increase the sensitivity of nanoparticles is to produce hollow rod-shaped nanorattles, which were synthesized by Yuriy Khalavka . To investigate the polarization depend scattering spectra of different shapes with the RotPOL setup , diff…

Laser linewidthMaterials scienceChemical engineeringScatteringNanoparticleNanorodsense organsPolarization (waves)Refractive indexRodSilver nanoparticle
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Polar nanoregions in Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 (PMN): insights from a supercell approach

2011

Abstract We report construction of a model of polar nanoregions in the PMN relaxor ferroelectric based on first-principles lattice dynamics for chemically ordered supercells [S.A. Prosandeev et al., Phys. Rev. B 70, 134110 (2004)], combined with invariance under permutations and dipole-dipole interaction as a source supporting randomly oriented residual polarization. Representative analytical estimates of polar nanore-gion — supercell mapping reproduce both nonzero local and zero macroscopic polarization of the structure, as well as the temperature change of the supercell anisotropy at cooling and field cooling.

Lattice dynamicsPhysicsField coolingCondensed matter physicsPhysicsQC1-999ferroelectricsGeneral Physics and AstronomySupercellPolarization (waves)Condensed Matter::Materials SciencePolarResidual polarizationrelaxorsupercellsAnisotropyRelaxor ferroelectricOpen Physics
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Polarization tensors of planar domains as functions of the admittivity contrast

2014

(Electric) polarization tensors describe part of the leading order term of asymptotic voltage perturbations caused by low volume fraction inhomogeneities of the electrical properties of a medium. They depend on the geometry of the support of the inhomogeneities and on their admittivity contrast. Corresponding asymptotic formulas are of particular interest in the design of reconstruction algorithms for determining the locations and the material properties of inhomogeneities inside a body from measurements of current flows and associated voltage potentials on the body's surface. In this work we consider the two-dimensional case only and provide an analytic representation of the polarization t…

Leading-order termApplied Mathematics010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysis010103 numerical & computational mathematicsEllipsePolarization (waves)01 natural sciencesMathematics - Analysis of PDEsPlanarSimply connected spaceFOS: Mathematics35R30 65N21Tensor0101 mathematicsMaterial propertiesAnalysisAnalysis of PDEs (math.AP)MathematicsVoltageApplicable Analysis
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Left-handed neutrino disappearance probe of neutrino mass and character

1996

We explore the sensitivity to a non vanishing neutrino mass offered by dynamical observables, i.e., branching ratios and polarizations. The longitudinal polarization in the C.M. frame decreases by a 4% for $D^+ \rightarrow \tau^+ \nu_\tau$ and $m_{\nu_\tau}=24$ MeV. Taking advantage of the fact that the polarization is a Lorentz variant quantity, we study the polarization effects in a boosted frame. By means of a neutrino beam, produced by a high velocity boosted parent able to flip the neutrino helicity, we find that an enhanced left-handed neutrino deficit, induced by a Wigner rotation, appears.

Left handedPhysicsParticle physicsLorentz transformationHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyWigner rotationFOS: Physical sciencesFísicaGeneral Physics and AstronomyObservableNeutrino beamPolarization (waves)HelicityNuclear physicssymbols.namesakeHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)symbolsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNeutrino
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Long cavity ring fiber mode-locked laser with decreased net value of nonlinear polarization rotation

2019

We investigate a new configuration of a mode-locked fiber laser by using a nonlinear polarization rotation-based design to generate soliton pulses with low repetition rate. Unlike with previously reported configurations, we introduce a Faraday mirror after the first half of the cavity length to counteract the nonlinear polarization rotation effects. The total cavity length is 437 m including a 400-m long twisted SMF-28 fiber. The fiber was twisted to cancel the linear birefringence and to ensure that the polarization ellipticity is not altered as the pulse travels along the fiber. The strict control of polarization yields a stable relation between the polarization state of the pulses propag…

Linear birefringenceLaserFiber LaserPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technology01 natural scienceslaw.invention010309 opticsOpticslawFiber laser0103 physical sciencesFaraday cagePhysicsbusiness.industryPulse durationNonlinear polarization021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyLaserPolarization (waves)UNESCO::FÍSICA::Óptica ::Fibras ópticasAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics:FÍSICA::Óptica ::Fibras ópticas [UNESCO]Soliton0210 nano-technologybusinessMode-Locked LaserOptics Express
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Helium-3 imaging of pulmonary ventilation.

1998

In the first studies in humans, the 3He gas was Helium is an inert, non-radioactive, noble gas. directly inhaled from the glass cell or via a mouth 3He is a rare isotope with a nuclear spin c. As it tip or plastic bag [2, 3]. The estimated inhaled is derived from tritium decay, it is quite expensive. volume in our studies was 400–500 ml. Recently, Non-polarized 3He costs 100–150 US$. Advanwe developed a computer-assisted application tages for applications in humans are: negligible system which is compatible with spontaneous solubility in water or blood, no adverse effects — breathing, assisted or mechanical ventilation. The widely used in deep-sea diving (80% He, 20% lungs can be flushed wi…

Lung DiseasesHelmholtz coilMaterials sciencebusiness.industryContrast Mediachemistry.chemical_elementField strengthGeneral MedicineLaserHeliumMagnetic Resonance Imaginglaw.inventionOptical pumpingchemistrylawHelium-3HumansXenon IsotopesRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingHyperpolarization (physics)Atomic physicsNuclear medicinebusinessHyperfine structureHeliumThe British Journal of Radiology
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